Why does it have such high survival value? -

It is a 1000 word essay that is referred to as a gobbet as there are sections to it but i will need only gobbet 1 to be done which is detailed below.The main task is to explain what the author means.• This requires, first, introducing the longer text from which the passage comes, and giving some background to what the author is trying to achieve, to help explain why this topic is significant. Don’t spend too long on this part of the task, because the next three bullet-points are the focus of this piece of work.• Try to name (paraphrase) the main question or questions raised in the passage that you will be commenting on.• Explain how the author answers this question, and why.• Assess the same question yourself and evaluate the author’s approach, e.g. by naming different possible answers, and discussing their merits. Are there problems which remain; what is the best answer or approach in your view?• Use the relevant literature from the bibliography to help inform your answer, especially the part where you assess the author’s answer to the question. In 1000 words, however, you will not have a lot of space to mention more than one or two secondary sources: focus on your explanation of the text of the gobbet itself, and what it means. Gobbet texts:For Gobbet 1 (1000 words): On the Science section of the module:Choose one of the set texts from the two topics below:1. [On Bonaventure and Aquinas]EITHER“It is impossible for that which has been after non-being to have eternal being, because this implies a contradiction. But the world has being after non-being. Therefore it is impossible that it be eternal. That it has being after non-being is proven as follows: everything whose having of being is totally from another is produced by the latter out of nothing; but the world has its being totally from God; therefore the world is out of nothing. But not out of nothing as a matter (materialiter); therefore out of nothing as an origin (originaliter). It is evident that everything which is totally produced by something differing in essence has being out of nothing. For what is totally produced is produced in its matter and form. But matter does not have that out of which it would be produced because it is not out of God (ex Deo). Clearly, then, it is out of nothing.”Bonaventure, Commentary on the Sentences, vol. II, d. 1, p. 1, a. 1, q. 2, fm. 6OR“creation is said to be ‘out of nothing’ [ex nihilo] in two ways. On the one hand, the negation [in the word ‘nothing’] denies the relation implied by the preposition ‘out of’ [ex] to anything pre-existing. Thus, the creature is said to be ‘out of nothing’ because it is ‘not from something pre-existing.’ And this is the first point. On the other hand, the order of creation to a pre-existent nothing remains affirmed by nature, such that creation is said to be ‘out of nothing’ because the created thing naturally has non-being prior to being.”Aquinas, Writings on the ‘Sentences’ of Peter Lombard, 2.1.1.2, Solution 2. [On Dawkins]“Consider the idea of God. We do not know how it arose in the meme pool. Probably it originated many times by independent ‘mutation’. In any case, it is very old indeed. How does it replicate itself? By the spoken and written word, aided by great music and great art. Why does it have such high survival value? Remember that ‘survival value’ here does not mean value for a gene in a gene pool, but value for a meme in a meme pool. The question really means: What is it about the idea of a god that gives it its stability and penetrance in the cultural environment? The survival value of the god meme in the meme pool results from its great psychological appeal.”Dawkins (2016), The Selfish Gene, p. 250.

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